I was interested in finding an article that explains the benefits and drawbacks of a lecture based class that does not involve computers or technology. An article called the “Study and Analysis of the Lecture Model of Teaching” was helpful in explaining the strategies of lecture based classes and the overall goal that most aim to achieve. The article comes from the International Journal of Educational Planning and Administration. The main idea is that lecture based teaching styles have been around for a long time and is the primary way of teaching subjects. The teaching method is simple and can encompass a wide range of subjects. The method involves a teacher or presenter standing in the front of a room and addressing the class while students take notes or actively listen. The advantages of having this type of model is that it can peak students interests and can be stimulating. It is also often enjoyable to listen to a speaker rather than absorb the information off a computer screen or book. The teacher presenting the lecture can also provide helpful insight on different subjects.

The disadvantages of the lecture model is that students cannot pause the lecture to go back and review something. The students are also only as engaged in the lecture as the teacher or presenter is. The students are also given information and are not able to come to conclusions or develop their own ideas during the lecture. The main goal of the author is to analyze the lecture model of teaching and show the pros and cons of this style. The lecture based model has been around for many years and has been proven to be useful. It will continue to be around despite the advancements in technology. The research was able to demonstrate the importance of the lecture based style of teaching as compared to the technology integrated method. 

Kaur, G. (2011). Study and analysis of lecture model of teaching. Int J Educational Planning Admin, 1(1), 9-13.

I found this source using the libraries online database. The journal illustrates the beliefs that teachers have towards technology use in the classroom and the resources needed to utilize those tools such as computers, phones, and smart boards. Research shows that school use of technology is limited to learning games, drill and practice, and word processing without the real importance of using that technology to progress student learning outcomes. This study looked to interview twelve teachers from the state of Mississippi and get their opinions and beliefs about technology in the classroom and how it should be used. The study was significant because some of the teachers have been long time educators and their views are important to see if they are willing to change their teaching habits to incorporate technology into the academic setting. The new teachers also have an impact on the students and their beliefs will shape the way students learn and retain information. Most of the teachers interviewed enjoyed the idea of integrating technology in the classroom as long as it was user friendly or they felt comfortable applying it to their teaching methods. Teachers also collectively interpreted computers as tools and should be used as such. The computers should help the students learn information more quickly but should not be the main priority in the class.  Problems that teachers ran into was lack of funding and insufficient amount of resources. The other problems that result from more technology is the training needed to adapt to different programs. Teachers needed to feel that they were skilled enough to smoothly utilize computers and various programs in  the classroom to give the students the best chance of learning.

Chien, Y. (2013). The Integration of Technology in the 21st Century Classroom: Teachers’ Attitudes and Pedagogical Beliefs Toward Emerging Technologies. Journal Of Technology Integration In The Classroom, 5(1), 5-11.

I used google scholar to find an article which explores the paradigm shift in higher education for the integration of technology to further advance learning outcomes. The study found that online learning and the use of technology helps to retain information more easily. Technological integration is being pushed at higher levels because it provides benefits not seen in traditional classroom settings. The competition for jobs is also increasing and gaining an edge through the use of technology can further develop skills that are essential for various careers. This study showed that online learning allowed students to learn at their own pace, pause the course if needed for more explanation, and enabled them to find the answers for themselves. There is a shift in universities from the face-to-face traditional learning styles to different technology integrated styles that give students the tools to learn on their own. A study taken at Cal State University North Ridge found that online users tested 20% better than students who attended a traditional class. This was due to the fact that online learning promotes study habits that the learner has to evolve for themselves. The class is always open so work can be completed at different times then in a classroom setting. The study came to the conclusion that universities will have to utilize technology in the classroom to remain competitive and produce stronger learning outcomes. This also means that teachers have to become more skilled in the use of various systems and be able to seamlessly integrate the new technology into the academic setting. The main goal is to give universities a competitive edge by shifting from teaching methods to learning methods in which students maximize their abilities stemming from teacher’s capabilities.

Rogers, D.L. (2000). A Paradigm Shift: Technology Integration for Higher Education in the New Millennium. AACE Journal, 1(13), 19-33. Charlottesville, VA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE). Retrieved March 17, 2018 from https://www.learntechlib.org/p/8058/.

I found an article titled, “Technology in the Classroom: Good or Bad?” This report comes from a teacher who discusses the benefits and drawbacks of implementing technology in the classroom and academic setting. The study mainly includes younger students at the elementary level and the article analyzes the possible benefits of technology in the classroom as well as looking at how it changes student’s learning outcomes. The author uses a list of pros and cons to evaluate the state in which students learn and says that the benefits of technology include computer skills, more engagement with readings, and better communication abilities. The drawbacks of using such technology in the classroom involve shorter attention spans, teachers are not as equipped at using the technology, and funding is also an issue. The author lists more benefits than negative outcomes and argues that the integration of technology at an early age is more helpful to develop skills that will be useful in a competitive society. Important technological tools include ipads, phones, and computers that allow students to play interactive games that promote good learning habits. The fact that this information comes from a teacher provides insight into the activities and learning capabilities of young students. This study involves expert knowledge and reports of acts, behaviors, and events. This study is important in comparing the level of technology needed in the classroom to get results from students and to see which tools work best to promote good learning habits.

Curtiss, Ella. “Technology in the Classroom: Good or Bad?.” The Smiling Classroom, 7 Aug. 2017. Accessed 9 Mar. 2018.

I found an article using google scholar which stresses the importance of integrating technology and new teaching strategies at all grade levels. Through the analysis of integrated technology, there was evidence that showed the impact of technology on student learning outcomes. There was a greater difference at the younger levels when it came to integrating technology and more mathematical teachings. There was less of a change when it came to integrating more technology, math, and engineering subjects at  higher levels of education because there was less interest in the subjects. The study found that the children benefited the most from STEM at an early age because it was able to provoke their curiosity in the subjects and challenge them in a different way. The meta-analysis was used to show the differences in the integration of STEM into the educational process and show how it changed the students learning abilities. This helped me to find more information on the effects of technology in the classroom and how it can benefit or harm student learning outcomes. The study used quantitative and qualitative data from various research articles to produce a more statistical analysis of the effects of STEM in the classroom. It was interesting to learn about the differences that technology can have on different grade levels and that the integration of technology in the classroom has proved to be more beneficial among younger age groups.

Becker Kurt; Park Kyungsuk. “Effects of integrative approaches among science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects on students’ learning: A preliminary meta-analysis.” Journal of STEM Education : Innovations and Research; Auburn. Vol. 12 Iss. 5 (Jul-Sep 2011): 23-37

I used the schools library computer system to find an article about the use of technology in an academic setting. In most classrooms there seems to be a greater emphasis on the use of technology against traditional styles of teaching. Technology such as the use of power points can make information easier to display, but can also cause bad learning habits. In the article students were questioned about their ability to absorb information and found that more interactive styles of teaching were the best to gain more knowledge and relate to the subjects which they were studying. Both teachers and students agreed that technology can sometimes be distracting and disrupt important class time. Issues with computers or various slide show presentations can take away from learning and disrupt the flow of class. The availability of notes that could be shared online had mixed reviews and some students said that it made it easier to learn, while others said that they would rather learn the material straight from the source.  Students were more concerned with availability of resources and the integration of good technology into an academic setting. The best classes were the ones in which teachers could effectively use technology to display information without any glitches. The use of technology in classrooms has made teaching easier but has also made generations of new student unable to retain information because everything is digitized. Teachers who are able to fully engage with students while using technology offer the most benefits to the learning capabilities of students.

Young, J. (2004). When Good Technology Means Bad Teaching. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 51(12). Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/214681148/

Teens, technology, and literacy; or why bad grammar isn’t always bad

I began looking for more information about technology in the classroom and how it might effect student learning outcomes. Literacy and language seem to play an important role in the development of ideas and through the use of technology language is being changed. In this book  I was able to find information on my subject of technology in the classroom and how it effects learning capabilities among students. The use of technology has grown exponentially in recent years and it has only made the workload for students easier. It is more efficient to communicate with other classmates online and share ideas and thoughts through online profiles or through the use of cell-phones. Technology has had a positive impact on the lives of students and their ability to learn and adapt to more work. Computers offer new ways to display information and are a wealth of knowledge that can be used to effectively show results from studies. Braun remarks the wonders that computers and various technologies are capable of which include collaborative research and methods to utilize the production of research. These technologies help to increase the learning capabilities of students and are proven to get results in the classroom. This study was also focused on literacy and how students are adapting slang and different styles of language to fit their needs. By taking in information and then using it to text in slang, there is more knowledge and understanding that is being grasped in the process. This study seeks to find the answers to how technology is prohibiting study and is keeping students off-task. This is an interesting study where acts, reports, and events of behavioral analysis are used,  which is also aimed to answer questions about technological capabilities.

Braun, Linda  W. (2007). Teens, technology, and literacy; or, why bad grammar isn’t always bad. The Booklist, 103(19), 134.